Large map of the world with countries in full screen. Maps of the world - how they look in different countries Literature for preparing for the GIA and the Unified State Examination

The political map of the world is a geographical map that reflects the countries of the world, their form of government and state structure. The political map reflects the main political and geographical changes: the formation of new independent states, the change in their status, the merger and separation of states, the loss or acquisition of sovereignty, the change in the area of ​​states, the replacement of their capitals, the change in the names of states and capitals, the change in forms of government, etc. .

In a broad sense, the political map of the world is not only the state borders of countries plotted on a cartographic basis. It carries information about the history of the formation of political systems and states, about the relationship of states in the modern world, about the originality of regions and countries according to their political structure, about the influence of the location of countries on their political structure and economic development.

At the same time, the political map of the world is a historical category, since it reflects all changes in the political structure and borders of states that occur as a result of various historical events.

Colorful political map of the world in English

All the changes that have arisen on the political map over the long history of its formation are of a different nature. Among them, there are quantitative and qualitative changes. Quantitative ones include: accession of newly discovered lands; territorial gains or losses during wars; unification or disintegration of states; concessions or exchanges between countries of land areas. Other changes are qualitative. They consist in the historical change of socio-economic formations; the country's acquisition of political sovereignty; the introduction of new forms of government; the formation of interstate political unions, the appearance and disappearance of "hot spots" on the planet. Quantitative changes are often accompanied by qualitative ones. Recent events in the world show that quantitative shifts on the political map are increasingly giving way to qualitative ones, and this leads to the understanding that instead of war - the usual means of resolving interstate disputes - the path of dialogues, peaceful settlement of territorial disputes and international conflicts comes to the fore.

Political map of the world before the collapse of the USSR in Russian

Large detailed political map of the world in Russian

Political map of the world 2012

Political map of the world with real proportions of the areas of states

Political map of the world in Ukrainian

Large political map of the world

Political map of the world (Russian)

Map of Dependent Territories of the World

Very large and detailed political map of the world - Wikiwand Very large and detailed political map of the world

Old school, nostalgic political map of the world - Old school, nostalgic political map of the world

Political world map in English - Political World Map English

Political world map (relief) - Wikiwand Political world map (relief)

Political / Physical Map of the World - Political / Physical Map of the World

Political World Map - Political World Map

Political map of the Earth - Political map of the Earth

Political world map in Russian - Political World Map

Political World Map - Political World Map

Political World Map - Political World Map

Experts predict that in the near future the political map of the world will undergo major changes. The trend towards an increase in the number of states based on ethnic principles continues. At the same time, state borders that do not correspond to the nations living within them will lose their significance. On the other hand, international political alliances will play an even more important role.

Let's start with a sensational statement: the first drawing of a man was a map. Yes, not a hunting scene, but a planned image of the area. Perhaps it was a drawing with a twig in the sand, explaining to fellow tribesmen how to get to the coveted backwater on the river or a place where there is a lot of game.

Since ancient times, drawing maps has been one of the most sought-after services, which very rare masters could provide. they cost significant value in return, especially if they were accurate and reliable.

On this page, you can see a large-scale map of the world with countries in Russian, expanding it to full screen, decide on the route of future travels or awaken nostalgic memories of past vacation days. For their reliability, we give a tooth, because these are images from space and errors on them are excluded. If a river, a forest, a beach are depicted there, then they really exist.

The source of such cartographic wealth is the Internet resource Google map and service from Yandex. Using satellite maps of the world is very simple - they have two main control functions:

• rescaling;
• relief display method.

If you want to get a general idea of ​​the area, then just open the "scheme", which will allow you to carry out "strategic planning" - to determine the position of cities and points that must be visited.

Much more opportunities to learn about the details of the relief are provided by the "satellite mode" of the display, which recognizes elements of the terrain with a length of 10-15 meters:

• roads;
• glades;
• area;
• infrastructure;
• individual rocks and peaks.

The political map of the world with large countries in Russian is also included in our list of useful tools in a static form, you can see it below.

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Google Maps

Service from Yandex

political map

Articles on the theme. Travel around the map on Russian Railways (availability of seats and ticket prices)

The maps of the world that we see from childhood - especially those that are shown to us at school - shape our idea of ​​how the world works. There would be nothing wrong with this if we did not forget that a flat map - is just a conditional and distorted representation of a round world.

However, many of us transfer the stereotypes learned through the map to our personal relationship to the real world. We begin to believe that there are countries that play a dominant role in the world, are in its center, and there are those that play a subordinate role, are on its periphery.

As will be seen below, in different countries - Russia, Europe, USA, China, Australia, Chile, South Africa - world maps are very different. It all depends on what the author of the map chooses in each of the following three conditions: 1) how to center the map relative to West and East; 2) how to center the map relative to North and South; 3) which projection method to use.

World map for Russia

The vertical axis of the world (the centering of the West and the East) passes through Moscow. The Americas and Australia are on the periphery of the world. The Pacific Ocean is not perceived as an integral space.

World map for Europe

The vertical axis of the world passes through London. As for the Russian map, here both Americas and Australia are on the periphery of the world, and the Pacific Ocean is not perceived as an integral space. In addition, the equator (centering North and South) is shifted to the bottom half of the map, making Africa, South America, and Australia appear smaller in relation to North America and Eurasia than they really are.

World map for USA

The vertical axis of the world passes through the USA. America turns out to be an "island" washed by the Pacific Ocean from the west and the Atlantic Ocean from the east. As in the European map, here the equator is shifted to the lower half of the map, which makes the size of North America and Eurasia much larger in relation to the size of South America, Africa and Australia than they are in reality. In addition, the perception of Russia, India and China becomes more difficult for an American: these countries are present for an American twice - in the west and in the east.

World map for China

China on its map is located on the western coast of the Pacific Ocean. All the continents have access to this ocean, except for Africa and Europe, which thus find themselves on the periphery of the world.

World map for Australia

There is a general stereotype that what is above dominates, and what is below - is in a subordinate position. The Australians not only draw the vertical axis of the world through their mainland, they also place it on top of all others, turning the map 180 degrees. Like the USA, they turn out to be an island lying between three oceans: the Pacific, the Indian and the South. Another important role is played by Antarctica, hidden at the very bottom on all other maps.

World map for South Africa

South Africa, like Australia, is at the top, not the bottom of the map, which makes it perceived as a country that dominates all others. South Africa turns out to be a peninsula wedged between two oceans: the Indian and the Atlantic. The Pacific region and Russia go to the periphery of the world.

This lesson is the first lesson in 10th grade. This lesson introduces new terms, briefly talks about the main objectives of the course of study. Students get acquainted with the meaning of the economic and social geography of the world, its features, main concepts. In addition, the lesson discusses the features of the modern political map of the world, its quantitative and qualitative shifts.

Topic: Modern political map of the world

Lesson: Political map of the world

Economic and social geography of the world - social science that studies the patterns of territorial distribution of social production, the conditions and characteristics of its development and distribution in various countries and regions.

Economic and social geography combines elements of geography, economics, sociology, it makes extensive use of various research methods of both geographical science and other disciplines.

The subject of study of economic and social geography is the territorial aspect of social reproduction in specific socio-historical conditions.

The political map acts as an important tool for mastering knowledge of geography in grades 10 and 11. There are more than 230 countries on the modern political map of the world.

Rice. 1. Political map of the world

Types of changes in the political map of the world - various transformations on the political map.

Changes are both quantitative and qualitative.

Quantitative changes:

1. Accession to the territory of the state of newly discovered lands.
2. Acquisition or loss of land after the war.
3. Voluntary concessions.
4. Disintegration or accession of territories.

Qualitative changes:

1. Changing the political system in the country.
2. Formation of military blocs.
3. Formation of economic unions.

There are two important concepts in economic and social geography: boundaries and territories.

Country border is a line and a vertical surface passing through it, dividing the territory state sovereignty(which includes land, water, subsoil).

Borders are established on the basis of agreements between states. There are two ways to designate state borders:

1. Delimitation - the definition of boundaries on the map.
2. Demarcation - the definition and designation of boundaries on the ground with special boundary signs.

sovereign state- a politically independent state with autonomy in internal and external affairs. The state is the main object of the political map of the world.

Boundaries differ in the way they are drawn:

1. Orographic boundaries - are drawn along natural boundaries (rivers, mountains, etc.).
Examples: Russia - China, Russia - Georgia, USA - Mexico.
2. Geometric boundaries - are drawn in straight lines without taking into account the features of the terrain.
Examples: Niger - Mali, Chad - Libya, Libya - Egypt.
3. Astronomical boundaries - are drawn through points with certain geographical coordinates.
Examples: USA - Canada.

Rice. 2. US-Canada border

Territory- this is a part of the earth's surface with its inherent anthropogenic and natural resources, conditions.

Territories are state, international and with a mixed regime.

state territory- a piece of the earth's surface under the sovereignty of a state.

The composition of the state territory includes land, internal waters, territorial waters and subsoil.

Territorial waters are a strip of coastal waters from 3 to 12 nautical miles wide.

1 nautical mile - 1852 meters.

Territories with international regime- territories lying outside the state territory. These earthly spaces are in the common use of all states in accordance with international law.

Examples are Antarctica and outer space.

Territory with mixed regime- these are areas of the World Ocean, the bottom outside the territorial waters.

Special territorial regimes- these are international legal regimes that determine the procedure for the use of any territory.

Non-Self-Governing Territories:

1. Colonies.
2. Overseas departments or freely associated states.

The colony- a dependent territory, which is under the rule of a foreign state (metropolis), without independent political and economic power, governed on the basis of a special regime.

Small island nations in the Pacific Ocean are examples.

Currently, there are a huge number of disputed territories on the political map of the world.

Examples of such territories are Gibraltar, the Falkland Islands, Western Sahara, the Kuril Islands, and Nagorno-Karabakh.

As a result, there are unrecognized or partially recognized states- Territories that independently proclaimed their sovereignty without the consent of the UN.

Examples: Republic of Northern Cyprus, Kosovo, Taiwan.

Homework

Topic 1, P. 1

1. What is a colony? In what parts of the world were colonial possessions preserved?

Bibliography

Main

1. Geography. A basic level of. 10-11 cells: Textbook for educational institutions / A.P. Kuznetsov, E.V. Kim. - 3rd ed., stereotype. - M.: Bustard, 2012. - 367 p.

2. Economic and social geography of the world: Proc. for 10 cells. educational institutions / V.P. Maksakovskiy. - 13th ed. - M .: Education, JSC "Moscow textbooks", 2005. - 400 p.

3. Rodionova I.A., Elagin S.A., Kholina V.N., Sholudko A.N. Economic, social and political geography: the world, regions, countries: Educational and reference manual / Ed. prof. I.A. Rodionova. - M.: Ekon-Inform, 2008. - 492 p.

4. Universal Atlas of the World / Yu.N. Golubchikov, S.Yu. Shokarev. - M.: Design. Information. Cartography: AST: Astrel, 2008. - 312 p.

5. Atlas with a set of contour maps for grade 10. Economic and social geography of the world. - Omsk: Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Omsk Cartographic Factory", 2012. - 76 p.

Additional

1. Economic and social geography of Russia: Textbook for universities / Ed. prof. A.T. Khrushchev. - M.: Bustard, 2001. - 672 p.: ill., cart.: tsv. incl.

Encyclopedias, dictionaries, reference books and statistical collections

1. Geography: a reference book for high school students and university applicants. - 2nd ed., corrected. and dorab. - M.: AST-PRESS SCHOOL, 2008. - 656 p.

Literature for preparing for the GIA and the Unified State Examination

1. Control and measuring materials. Geography: Grade 10 / Comp. E.A. Zhizina. - M.: VAKO, 2012. - 96 p.

2. The most complete edition of typical options for real USE assignments: 2010: Geography / Comp. Yu.A. Solovyov. - M.: Astrel, 2010. - 221 p.

3. The optimal bank of tasks for preparing students. Unified State Exam 2012. Geography: Textbook / Comp. EM. Ambartsumova, S.E. Dyukov. - M.: Intellect-Centre, 2012. - 256 p.

4. The most complete edition of typical options for real tasks of the USE: 2010: Geography / Comp. Yu.A. Solovyov. - M.: AST: Astrel, 2010. - 223 p.

5. State final certification of 9th grade graduates in a new form. Geography. 2013: Textbook / V.V. Drums. - M.: Intellect-Centre, 2013. - 80 p.

6. USE 2010. Geography. Collection of tasks / Yu.A. Solovyov. - M.: Eksmo, 2009. - 272 p.

7. Tests in geography: Grade 10: to the textbook by V.P. Maksakovskiy “Economic and social geography of the world. Grade 10 / E.V. Baranchikov. - 2nd ed., stereotype. - M.: Publishing house "Exam", 2009. - 94 p.