18th century earth map. Antique world maps in high resolution - Antique world maps HQ

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What if you print the map and hang it on the wall?

Many of us in childhood had huge wall maps on the wall, carefully hung from pushpins. Many hours were spent painstakingly studying them. As if by magic, new countries and cities floated before my eyes. Someone learned by heart the capitals of states, someone calculated the distances, and someone just looked for their hometown, trying to learn more about the world around them. Now they are no less popular, and it is not difficult to buy wall maps.

Whether you're on vacation or looking to find a spot you've seen on the news, all you have to do is walk up to the wall and find it. Returning from vacation, you can trace the entire path you have traveled with your finger along the surface with undisguised pleasure. And even carefully mark the winding route with a pencil, so that when you accidentally glance at the wall map, unforgettable moments of relaxation emerge in your memory. And modern technologies allow you to make maps much more colorful and more detailed.

Vintage maps

Wall charts today are no match for their lackluster and often torn ancestors. Colorfulness, clarity of drawing, extraordinary detail will make them a real treasure of your collection. Visiting guests will definitely stay with her, and then with envy they will ask where you bought such a lovely thing.

To be honest, and from an aesthetic point of view, kats win the competition with many design solutions. With whatever apotheosis they prove to you that such a picture or vase will look good, I assure you, there is nothing more mysterious and interesting than a wall map.

Much is changing in life. There are ups and downs, but the stability symbolized by the wall map always remains somewhere deep in the soul. One has only to hang a map on the wall once and a whole world will appear in your house, not invented, but real. Our world, where today there is an incredibly vast Russia, Africa drowning in heat, Europe expiring in politics, romantic Caribbean islands. But you never know on earth beautiful places that can easily fit on your wall.

Many centuries have passed since then when people began to mark symbols on objects that could inform others about their location. The simplest landmarks are trees, paths, rivers, at that time everything was plotted on primitive maps. Today it is already a problem to find your city on an ordinary globe if its population is less than five hundred thousand people. Maps created by our ancestors are in museums and tell about the history of the development of cartography. But old drawings can tell a lot interesting facts and give an opportunity to unravel the secrets of the past.

I doubt that it is now possible to find in a modern traveler a sample of a handwritten map with marked designations that would identify the population of the country or the people living there. When creating a map today, preference is given to the accuracy and clarity of the borders of states, while losing aesthetics.

But along with the fact that the old maps are fictional, inconvenient to use, they are a work of art. Many artists around the world are amazed and inspired by ancient maps and study them with great pleasure and admiration. In our computerized and internet era, many different maps can be found. It is very convenient and fast. Having collected cartographic material for many years, today we can provide you with more than two hundred maps, they can be downloaded or printed directly from the site in excellent quality and high resolution. Anyone can do this, be it a local historian, a historian, a treasure hunter or just a curious person.

Most people use maps to purposefully search for the antiques of our ancestors. Those who believe in the secrets of treasures and treasures can use ancient cards, and luck may smile upon them. But remember that an antique card can be a wonderful decor in your home. Your guests will certainly be surprised and fascinated by this wall design, thanks to which you can learn a lot about your region and about the whole world in general.

You can also make a gift and associate it with an old card. For example, a lover of China can be presented with an ancient Chinese map that was copied from a stone column in 1137. The birthday boy will certainly be delighted and will remember the gift for a long time. On our site you will find all the maps you are interested in. Have a lot of fun studying them and experience a lot of positive emotions.

A large, updated collection of old maps in high resolution.

For our ancient ancestors, the world was often limited to the land that surrounded and nourished them. But even the earliest human civilizations still tried to measure the scale of this world and made the first attempts at mapping.

It is believed that the first such map was created in Babylon more than 2500 years ago, and it shows the world outside the Babylonian kingdom in the form of poisonous waters and dangerous islands, where (they believed) people could not survive.

Over time, the maps gradually became larger in scale as people grew more knowledgeable about what lay outside the Mediterranean. With the beginning of the era of wandering and exploration in the 15th century, the concept of the vision of the world changed, the East began to appear on the maps, a huge unexplored ocean appeared in the place of America. And with the return of Columbus, the maps of the world began to take on a form that is already understandable to us, modern people.

1. The oldest known map of the world from Babylon (6th century BC). At the center of the world is the Babylonian kingdom itself. There is a "bitter river" around him. Seven points across the river are islands that cannot be reached.

2. World map of Hecateus of Miletus (5-6 century BC). Hecateus divides the world into three parts: Europe, Asia and Libya, located around the Mediterranean Sea. His world is a round disc surrounded by an ocean.

3. World map of Posidonius (2nd century BC). This map expands on the early Greek vision of the world, including the conquests of Alexander the Great.

4. World map of Pomponius Mela (43 AD)

5. Ptolemy's world map (150 AD). He was the first to add lines of latitude and longitude to the world map.

6. Peitinger's Tablet, 4th century Roman map showing the road network of the Roman Empire. The complete map is very long, showing lands from Iberia to India. In the center of the world, of course, Rome.

7. World map of Kozma Indikoplov (6th century AD). The world is depicted as a flat rectangle.

8. Later Christian map in the form of a multi-colored clover leaf, compiled by Heinrich Banting (Germany, 1581). In fact, she does not describe the world, or rather, according to this map, the world is a continuation of the Christian trinity, and Jerusalem is its center.

9. World map of Mahmud al-Kashgari (11th century). The world is centered around the ancient city of Balasagun, now the territory of Kyrgyzstan. This also includes places (countries) that are predicted to appear at the end of the world, such as Gog and Magog.

10. Map "Book of Roger" Al-Idrisi, compiled in 1154. It was created on the basis of information received from Arab traders who traveled around the world. At the time, it was the most accurate and extensive map of the world. Europe and Asia are already well visible, but from Africa so far there is only its northern part.

11. Hereford map of the world of the 14th century by a certain Richard of Haldingham. Jerusalem is in the center, East is above. The circle on the south side of the map is the Garden of Eden.

12. Chinese map "Da Ming Hunyi Tu" of the late 14th century. The World Through the Eyes of the Ming Dynasty Chinese. China, of course, dominates, and all of Europe is squeezed into a small space in the west.

13. Genoese map, compiled in 1457 based on the descriptions of Niccolò da Conti. This is how Europeans see the world and Asia after the opening of the first trade routes to Mongolia and China.

14. Projection of the Erdapfel Globe ("Earth Apple") by Martin Begeim (Germany, 1492). Erdapfel is the oldest known globe, showing the world as a sphere, but without America - instead of it there is still a huge ocean.

15. World map of Johann Ruysch, compiled in 1507. One of the first images of the New World.

16. Map of Martin Waldseemüller and Matthias Ringmann of 1507. It was the first map to call the New World "America". America looks like a thin strip of the east coast.

17. World map of Gerard van Shagen in 1689. By this time, most of the world has already been mapped, and only small parts of America are still empty.

18. Samuel Dunn's world map of 1794. By mapping the discoveries of Captain James Cook, Dunn became the first cartographer to depict our world as accurately as possible.

Tartary or Great Tartary (Latin Tataria, Tataria Magna; English Tartary, Great Tartary, sometimes Grand Tartary; French Tartarie) is a term used in Western European literature during the Middle Ages and up to the 18th century to designate the Great Steppe - vast territories between Central Asia, the Caspian Sea, the Ural Mountains and the Pacific Ocean. The name of Tartary has nothing to do with the name of the Turkic tribes. When foreigners asked the inhabitants of this country about who they were, the answer was: "We are the children of Tarkh and Tara" - brother and sister, who were, according to the ideas of the ancient Slavs, the guardians of the Russian land. Great Tartary is the largest country in the world, as it is said about it in the first edition of the British Encyclopedia of 1771.

Map of 1754 "I-e Carte de l" Asie "

On the map, the border of Tartary with China runs along the Great Wall of China. At the same time, the southern part of the wall is higher than the northern one, and the loopholes are also facing south, so it becomes clear who was defending against whom with this wall.

18th century map -
"L" Asie dresse sur les observations de l "Academie Royale des Sciences et quelques
autres, et Sur les memoires les plus recens. Amsterdam. Chez R. & J. Ottens "

West of the Volga we see "European Muscovy" - Moscovie Europeane:

Map made in Paris in 1670.

Detail of a map of North America from the Encyclopedia Britannica of 1771.


A huge white spot is visible covering most North American continent.

Map of Europe from the Encyclopedia Britannica of the 18th century.
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Map of Asia from the Encyclopedia Britannica of the 18th century.

Russian map of Asia 1737

Hessel Geretis 1613-1614

Tartary - Edition by Guillaume de Lille 1707-1709

General card of Siberia and Great Tartary 1670-1680

Russia and Scandinavia Nicholas Whisker 1660

Map of V. Kiprianov "Image of the Earth's Globe", 1707 Western Hemisphere.

Map of V. Kiprianov "Image of the Earth's Globe", 1707 Eastern Hemisphere.

A huge "blank spot" in the place of Siberia and the Far East.
On the bottom of the Siberian white spot there is only an inscription in large letters: Tartaria.

Map of V. Kiprianov "Image of the Earth's Globe", 1707 fragment.


European part of Russia.

Map of V. Kiprianov "Image of the Earth's Globe", 1707 fragment.

A huge "blank spot" on the site of North and Northwest America.

Map of Russia and Great Tataria. 1786


The French inscription on top of the map reads: Carte de l "Empire de Russie & de la Grande Tartarie dressee avec soin par F.L. Gussefeld & publee par les Herit de Homann, l" an 1786.

Today we will talk about old Russian maps. The post will be short. Simply because they, in general, are, in fact, simply not there. I have seen thousands, if not tens of thousands, of foreign maps from this period. The stranger is the situation with our cards.
The first Russian atlas that is in the public domain is Kirilov's Atlas, created between 1724 and 1737. (Download link) The atlas is not complete, unfortunately, there are not maps of all regions and localities of our country. But this is essentially the beginning of Russian cartography, as strange as it sounds.
There is, however, the so-called Drawing Book of Siberia (1699-1701) by Remezov. (Download link) As well as the "Chorographic Book of Siberia" (1697-1711). Here are just their dating and the relevance of reality, I personally raise a lot of questions. For example, I give a map of Perm the Great from the Drawing Book. All pictures are clickable up to large sizes.

These are the cards that children in grade 1 draw. The north is here on the right (but this is very conditional). In general, in his works, Remezov clearly did not bother with the orientation of his "maps" to the cardinal points. From map to map, they are constantly jumping on the sides of the sheet. Such concepts as scale, proportion are absent from the word at all. At the same time, in the West, maps are already being created that are almost close in accuracy to modern ones.
User palexy one excerpt:
I have a map of D.G. Messeshmidt of 1721 (a section of the Ob tributaries of the Tom and Ini) which almost completely copies the map Remezova... The date of Messerschmidt's expedition is indisputable since the documents on it were piled up, but here is an excerpt from the diary given by Nevlyanskaya: “Captain Tabbert went today with the cornet Iorist to one artist named Remezov, from whom he saw a map of Tomsk district drawn with oil paints; he skimmed through it, but found nothing in it that would be portrayed correctly". (Novlyanskaya M.G. Philip Johann Stralenberg. M .; L., 1966. S. 36.) .

Well, finally, on this map there are no cities and cities that I discovered. Hundreds of foreign cards have them, but Remezov does not. Peter the First in 1708 They are mentioned in. But in fairness, I must say that it was on this map that I found the Molozhek River,.

There is such a drawing of the Siberian land, drawn up in 1667 under the leadership of the Tobolsk governor, stolnik Pyotr Ivanovich Godunov. From the service drawing book of S.U. Remezov (Manuscript Department of the State Public Library named after M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin, Hermitage Collection, No. 237, sheet 31, spread).

The north is down here. Of course, they got excited about Remezov's drawing book. As I already wrote, there was no orientation to the cardinal points at all.
And one more version of the same card:

There is a more detailed version of this map (I wanted to write a perfect one, but this is not so), which is also attributed to Remezov. If you look from the point of view of the absence of any scales and proportions, then yes, Remezov agrees. But the clear presence of the cardinal points suggests otherwise.

While looking for materials on the city of Velikaya Perm I came across a small fragment of a map from the server of the Ural State University , which is designated as - Map of Perm the Great. XVI century Reproduction.

Again, the North is down here. And the city of Perm is. There he is, under the word "Cheremis". Unfortunately, we could not get the whole map. And from where they dug it there and did not find it.
I saw several more similar cards on the network, but they are too cloudy and terribly primitive. Therefore, I did not even bother to save them.
Now comes the fun part.

Here it is in full size:

Do you feel the difference? Heaven and Earth with Remezov's drawings. Even the parallels are correct. Unfortunately, the resolution of the map is not very high and many small inscriptions are not visible at all. But you can learn something.
Belgorod Horde on the territory of modern Odessa region of Ukraine:

Little Tartaria (exactly what Tartaria) in the Black Sea steppes.

And to the right of it, separated by a border, is an area called the Yurts of the Don Cossacks, and, moreover, it stretches right up to the Volga, most likely.

By the way, I will give part of one map of 1614 from my post:.

Those. a hundred years earlier, these two areas were a single state. And precisely from his "Tatar yoke".
By the way, the Cossacks used to be called the Tatars. I have about this. There, at the end, it is directly written that the Little Russian Cossacks live on the lands where the Tatar Cossacks used to live. Or maybe they were their descendants. Who knows.

That's all.

And finally, the Book: Ancient Russian Hydrography,: Containing a description of the Moscow state of rivers, channels, lakes, wells, and what cities and tracts are along them and at what distance. - St. Petersburg: Published by Nikolai Novikov: [Type. Acad. sciences], 1773 ... Now it is better known under the name "The Book of the Big Drawing. This is the same map of the 16th, early 17th century, only handwritten. Actually, it is possible that Remezov drew his drawings exactly from such texts."
By the way, there is an interesting passage in the preface:

This was exactly the same situation with us with maps. They just weren't there. More precisely, probably all the same were. But either they were destroyed, or they lie deep deep in the archives. Simply because there is a completely different history of Russia. Where were the cities rediscovered by me,. By the way, the latter, but this did not prevent contemporary historians from stubbornly repeating that he did not exist.

Yesterday I was told that as many as 10,000 old maps are kept in the archives of the RAS Library. I do not yet know exactly what kind of maps they are, ours or foreign, and of what centuries, but I really hope that there will be Russian old maps of the 16-17 and early 18 centuries. My friends are now trying to scan all this and put it on the network. God grant that they would succeed. And then we will learn a little more truth about the history of that time.

Addition :

Today we will look at two Russian maps of the early 18th century from the archives of the Russian National Library. Although the word "let's see" is very arbitrary here. I have very great desire put all the leadership of this library against the wall and shoot them with a heavy machine gun. They are saboteurs, not scientists.

Let's see firstMap of the hemispheres of 1713, published in the Civil Printing House of V.O. Kipriyanova... The card is large and the resolution of the picture, on the contrary, is small. Therefore, it is fashionable to watch only very large records. On click, it will open in a higher resolution. But something can be pulled out of it. Pay attention to Antarctica. She's gone. I somehow specifically looked at such atlases of Western cartographers. Antarctica is not there either until the beginning of the 19th century, when our sailors discovered it. Therefore, if you see an old map where Antarctica is present, then you should know that it was made in the second half of the 19th century. Or later.
I would like to draw your attention to high degree skill of the then Russian cartographers. ... And I repeat my thought - these are not maps, but children's drawings at the elementary school level.

And one more map by the same author: The geographic globe, that is to say, the land-descriptive one from "shows the four parts of the earth, Africa, Asia, America, and Europe, inhabited below, and even we are from everywhere about" emlet. By command in the civil printing house of the Lord's Summer: 1707. In the reigning City of Moscow, by the Vain of Vasily Kiprianov. Under the auspices of His Excellency Mr. Lieutenant General Jacob Willimovich Bruce.
Its here at this link more or less can be considered. But after that I want to strangle the local programmers with my bare hands, for a long time. You can't drag the entire map out of there, so I took a few screenshots from there. And on them we are waiting for several interesting discoveries. Namely, the word - "Sarmat" right under the letter M of the word Moscow. And above it is visibleOcean Sarmatian.

Here is another excerpt. The Scythian was also added to the Sarmatian Ocean. To the right of the name "M. Moskovskoe". I did not understand what it means. The word TARTARIA is written in big letters. Through "r". Slightly above the beginning of this word, the names Scythia are visible. But above the letter "I" in the word "Siberia" the river "Tatar" is visible. Above the word "MOSCOW" it seems to be written -Sarmatia. Again, why is Russia or Rus not written? But what the word "Asinsky" means is not clear.

Oh, it was not in vain that Lomonosov wrote in his book:. A short Russian chronicler with a genealogy, St. Petersburg: Under the Imp. Acad. Sciences, 1760.

And lastly, Description of Europe. The truth is very poorly visible. Gaul is written instead of France. There is also some kind of Dacia. Poland is written without a soft sign. At the very end, it seems, it is written to Ellad. For information ... But Russia is here. And she, as I understand it, is in European Moscow and Tartary, as well as the Turks. Or are these separate states on the territory of the continent?

There is a very interesting line in the description:
Drawings: over the hemispheres, the coat of arms of the Russian Empire against the background of an ermine mantle supported by archangels with swords in their hands; framed by the mantle, figures of Mars, Apollo, banners and other military paraphernalia;
And here they are. And this is far from an isolated case. By name ... And it's all very good to lay down in mine , which we called simply - the Golden Woman.

If someone can pull out the whole card from here in more or less good resolution, I will be very grateful.

Supplement: The world is not without kind people and thanks to the respected prostoyoleg we can see the whole map with you. The truth is in the same not very high resolution.

Addition.

And these are separate files.

The midnight ocean is cool.

Strange, yes, the Adriatic Sea or the Western Ocean?

And here is Ocean Devkalisky. In general, before the sea and the ocean were called, as it seems to me, slightly different types of water area.

Addition .

The National Library of Russia, St. Petersburg, is slowly digitizing its collections. And even puts them out for everyone to see.
P. Picart of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania drawing / By the decree of his most sovereign imperial majesty, Peter Picart worked in Moscow; [Cartouche eng. A. Shkhonebek]. - Moscow: Armory, ... But the map itself was accurately drawn much earlier. Kiev on it is still part of Lithuania, whereas according to the official history it became part of the Moscow state in 1667. Moreover, I have a strong feeling that in Moscow it was only engraved and created in the same principality of Lithuania, in the middle of the 17th century.

Opens on click in high resolution.

There are a lot of unknown toponyms. Crimea is written here as Tartaria. As on the Russian map of the end of the 17th century from my main post. And only in the 18th century Tartaria began to be called Tartary. Pay attention to Crimea, except for Kafa and Perekop, not a single familiar name. the sea turns out to be formerly called the Eastern Lake.

Notice how Koenigsberg is called on this map. I went to Wiki and found an amazing text there:
Under the name of Korolevts (Korolevts) or Korolevits, the castle and the area around it have been mentioned for a long time, starting from the 13th century, in various Russian sources: chronicles, books, atlases. In Russia, this name was widely used before Peter I and, occasionally, in a later period, up to the beginning of the 20th century, including in fiction, for example, in the texts of M. Saltykov-Shchedrin. However, after Peter I and before the renaming in 1946, the Russians more often used the German version..
Heh, it was not in vain that I argued in my investigation that the Slavs lived there.

In general, if you study and compare the map with the official history, then there will be more than a dozen pages of list of non-connections. Well, this is a trivial matter for our history.

Addition :

There was such a city as Byzantium. Here is his plan

The plan of Constantinople or the Tsar City like the formerly popularized Byzantium, anciently Vigos was conquered by Muhammad the second of the Lord's summer 1453 in the month of May on the 29th day] / [Drawn by Prince Dimitri Cantemir]; Grydor. Alexy Zubov in San [kt] P [eter] burg. - St. Petersburg: [Petersburg Printing House],.

V ... The French were not too lazy and sorted them all. Even the plans of Konigsberg are. Well, and Ukraine, of course. And there are several dozen maps of various localities of Russia, drawn, judging by the titles, in 1724-1729 by our cartographers. True in English. Well, that's okay. The main thing here is that until now, some of the earliest maps of areas were considered Kirilov's maps, 1722-1731 ... They are there, by the way, too, partly. there is. And here is a completely new cartographic material that has not yet been seen by anyone. And there I found the town of Staraya Rezan.

The north is here on the left, which is, by the way, one of the signs, as I understand it, of maps of the 17th century. Already at 18 it became a rule to orient maps of specific areas to the north. And before that, cartographers drew them, as it is more convenient for whom. The most vivid example is Remizov's maps. There the north "walks" in a circle just chaotically. You will break your brains until you understand what and how is drawn on a particular map. In general, Russian maps of the 17th century, for the most part, are oriented to the south. Like a map of Siberia and the Far East by the same Remezov. At least he is credited with this card.
As for Europe, I will give an example from my old posts - ... There, the north is also not static. years, everything settled down and adopted a modern framework.
I have a very reasonable suspicion that all the maps that we now know were made not earlier than the end of the 17th century. True, according to the old originals, which by that time were simply dilapidated and worn out. Well, some, of course, were simply forged in the 18th century. 19th centuries. This can be seen from the correct proportions and contours of the terrain. When you look at Russian maps, pay attention to two things. The Caspian should be round and not elongated. And in the Crimea, the Kerch region should be, as it were, chopped off and not stretched to the left, as it is now.

So we see the cities of Kolomna and Kashira. Further along the Oka river, the city of Pereslavl-RI amZanskaya. And behind him is Old Retake Please note that the old name contains the letter "e". Somewhere before the beginning of the 18th century, we almost did not have the letter "I". Therefore, there was, among other things, Eroslavl.
The town of Staraya Rezanj has a complicated history. At first it was destroyed at the end of the 16th century by the Tatars, then it existed, along with the new Rezany, as a small village. But already at the beginning of the 18th century it grew to a city. Pay attention to the city icon and a footnote to the map. In this form it existed somewhere until the middle of the 18th century and then disappeared again. The authorities announced that it was destroyed by Batu in the 13th century, and in this format it still exists as an archaeological monument. But there you can still see pieces of 18th century temples.
And in 1781, Catherine II renamed Pereslavl-Ryazan into simply Ryazan, which still exists today. Thanks to her for that. Otherwise, the toponym could have gone into history almost without a trace, like the city of Bulgar and Bulgaria. And then Batu, he is like Shurik, you can blame everything on him.